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1 Local Division Mannheim UPC_CFI_162/2024 Decision of the Court of First Instance of the Unified Patent Court Local Division Mannheim delivered on 11 March 2025 concerning EP 2 028 981 HEADNOTES: 1. Art. 26 Brussels Ia Reg. prevails over R. 19.7 RoP due to the primacy of Union Law. 2. The determination of the substantive law applicable to an alleged infringement is to be strictly distinguished from the jurisdiction to hear the case. 3. When determining the applicable substantive law, the fundamental pri nciples governing retroactivity being enshrined and recognised in European Law and international law have to be respected. 4. Considering these principle, with regard to the determination whether substantive law as laid down in the UPCA or substantive national laws of the UPCA member state ...